Cooling system



April 16, 1929. A, W, POPE, JR 1,709,372

COOLING SYSTEM Filed Aug.25, 19`2s [IMI III

UJI

- iig-V42 Patented'- Apr. 16,` 1929;

NIYTED STATES o Fries.

ARTHUR W. POPE, JR., or WAuKEfsHA, WIscONs'rN,y AssrGNon; rro 'WAO-Krsna MOTOR f I COMPANY, OFS WAUKESHA, WISCONSIN; A CORPORATION-OF WIsOONsIN.

COOLING SYSTEM.

' Appneatign -meanugust 25,192'6. kseriai Nt. leraar@ My invention relates to cooling systems vfor internal combustion engines. In prior cooling'systems ordinarily used, when the engine is started up With the radiator or waterV tank fullof Coldwater, a very long time is required p tobring the water. up to the properV operating temperature forthe engine, and when this temperatureis finally reached itzwill not re- I ymain constantl but willcontinue to. rise until '10 the boilingtemperature is reached, whereafter all of the steam formed in the engine will. escape to the atmosphere andbe lost,

and steam pockets under high vpressure willv be formed inthe engine jacket. .Asa result,

` andafter it becomes heated up there is a A`lossof water'in the :form of s team.

j `The objectof my invention isV to provide van arrangement in which the water in the engreat `engine is started, brought to the boiling or steam temperature, and suchoperating temf perature is constantly maintaineduntil the4 .engine is stopped, independentlyof the tem-.- U perature of the water in the radiator, con-V l denser orwater tank, andindependently of V.the load on the engine, andwithout requiringA4 on the drawings in e which: .Y

- 4 Figure 1 diagrammatically represents ,an

internal combustionengine and Water tank fand condenser meehan1sm; and ,Y Y, Y I j Fig. 2 shows a modified arrangement.

. j The engine E` shown hasthe water jacket 10.,v l v around its cylinders 11. The Vtank 12 serves f to :hold water supply, and in.thetop ofthis Y tank is insertedk a shell 13 spaced fromthe 1 tank side to form a steam ychamber orfcon- 'denser 14, this condenser being closedat the top butopen. at its Vlower end to the water tank. The top of the tank is ycovered by a hood y15 having Athe steanr vent 416. .The ysteam outlet pipe 17 'from' the engine Water jacket connects with thecondenser at the Atop thereof, .and the water supply pipe` 18 extends v vthe lower endof the water'jacket. y v Y The normal level of the water in the water tank is indicated by the. line afd, this level 7 beingy belowthe connection ofthe steam pipe 17 with the condenser ,14.* When the engine is the engine is always either too hot ortoo cold gine jacket is, in a few momentsafter theV `Structure and apparatus for carrying out '.in the'water tank allsfbelow th@` lower' end .0f the condenser. s

Vfronithe lower party ofthe waterV tank to saaedahwwilltherefore@'no circulation of water t'o the jacket kr10V4 andv consequently the water in the jacket is quickly raised to the boiling", lor steam point. As steam is formed in the jacket, it rises inthe outlet pipe 17 and flowsinto the c'ondenserltv abovethe' watertherein As the amount of steam vincreases, it willeXert pressure onthe water in the kcondenser and will vforce the water downwardly, vthe water level then 'arising in the tank section lwithin the shell 13. The steam pressure required' tofaccompli'sh vthis will at c any time be equal'to the head of-water'within the shellj'labove the water level vin the condenser. As soon as the water in the condenser is vforced down to the lower end thereof, the equilibrirun point will ybe reached andl thereafter any additional steam pressure will cause the steam to escape aroundthe lower edge Oi the shell 18 and upwardly'through thespace within the shell andthe water therein," and then/ through the hood 15 and out 'ofthe vent '16. In the travel of the steam` from the engine toy the vent, there fisconsiderable opportunity for condensatiomtir'stiin.the outlet pipe 17, then by contact `with the water cooled wallslof the condenser, then vby contactwith kthewater inthe water tank' and linally by kcontact with the hood'15. Ifthis combined `condenser capacityisnot suiiicient to condense all of ,thesteam', any surplus steam will pass quietlyd out through the `vent without linter! fer-ing with the operation of thesy'stem other than theloss of the corresponding amount of be influenced 4by loss oi'wateruntil the level j In my arrangement, the minimum foi-low level of water in the cylinder 'jacket is determined bythe level O the lower 'endo the 7 water. The ope'rat'ionoi-fy the system will not condenser... Ifthe steam flow weren-ot restricted in the jacket andthe outletl pipe, the

lowlevel iny the 'jacket or outlet pipe would be coincident with the level oitl the lower end f of theconden'ser, as the steam above the water vin the steam' chamber and outlet pipe, will tend to force thewateidown equally.l InV the arrangement shown, the line b-b represents Vthe desired low water level in Vthe water jacket,`. and on account ofgthe'r'es'triction or 'resistance tosteam iiow and consecpient de-f` vel-opment of steam pressure in the jacket,y ythe lower enfd of the condenser vwill have to be located a corresponding distance above the level ZJ- b tothe level afi-c'V inthe arrange? 11o Y j j vent the formation of vacuum.

ment shown. The distance betweenthe level` b-b and c-c is the' head of Water equal to the pressure required to overcome* the :triction to steamilow and :to establish the mini- `mum or lovvlevel of Wat-er lin the cylinder jacket. Y i

In oider to break the vacuum Which vvoulhd be formed in the condenser after the engine is stopped and the system is alloived to cool, I'

provide avent 19 shown connected `with the outlet pipe 17 and ycontrolled by a check valvev 20. This valve prevents the outflow of steam orrWater but permits inllovv of lair to lpre- Vgenerated in the engine jacket flows into the condenser' or abovethe Water therein and forces the Water downwardly and through connection into the tank or reservoir 22 until the Water in the condenser reaches the level of the connection 23 Wherealter the surplus steam will new' into and through the 'Water in the tank to the 'exterior through the Vopen top of the tank or throughfa vent.

In the arrangement olf Fig. l, the steam lloiving through the condenser is condensed by being subjected to the shell 13 Whichis Water cooled, While in the arrangement of Fig. 2 the condensation of steam `flowing through Vthe condenser'is caused by draft through the condenser structure resulting during travel ot the vehicle or generated by a fan. In either:structure, :there is no direct' escape for the Vsteam-to the atmosphere after passing j through the condenser, exceptthroughthe water in theivater tank or reseivoir, which Vtank or reservoir, besidesfurnishing a large Vreserve supply of water, serves alsoas a'noveiload condenser'so that there willbe very little llovvot' steam to the steam vent and consequently very small lossl In'thearrangement of Fig. 2, as in the arran gement of Fig. l, the level of@ .at the bottomV `of the condenser is suliiciently above the desired loiv water level b-b in the'jacket so i that such loivlevelwill not 'be exceeded.

I thus produce a very simple coolingl sys- Vtem for internal combustionengines by which the Water theengine jacket will be 'quickly raised to boiling or steam generating" teinperature and will have such temperature constantly maintained independently of the load on the engine or the temperature of the 'Water in the condenser. or WaterV tank or at other partsoftlie system. An engine thus served will give much more uniform, reliable ,and

eihcient service. As the loss of Water is re-y duce'd'to a minimum, the "systemk requires very little care 'or attention.

l, In va steam cooling system, the `combination With thev ivate-r jacket of an internal combustion engine, of a Water tank, and a' condenser, a steam connection from the Water` jacket to the top of the condenser, a Water. `connection from the lower part of the Water tankto the water jacket, and a.- connection between the lovverl part of the condenser and the Water tank,` the Water in said tank being in ycontact with the side vvalls of said condenser. l j

I 2. In a steam cooling system, the combination With 'the Water jacketv oli an internal coin- Vbustion engine, ol a Water tank, a steam receiving space Within .thetankclosed `at its upper end andjopen'at its lower end 'to the tank, a steam duct connecting said Water jacket with said steam space at a point above the normal level of Water in said steam space, and a Waterconnection to the Water jacket from the water tank at a point below said steam space. j j

`3. In a cooling system for internal combustion engines, a vvater jacket having a steam outlet' lrom its upper end, Va condenser for receiving the steam, a Water tank tor Water supply lfor coolingrsaid condenser and for replenishing said jacket, and means for `causing steam to flow from the condenser through the `vvatei ijn the tank. l Y y 1l. In a steam Ycooling system for internal combustion engines, the combination With the engine Water jacket, of acond'ensei, and Va Walter tank, the condenser at its lovver end being connected with said Water tank below the iva-ter level in the tank whereby any steam uncondensed in said condenser Will flow through the Water in the'tank to be condensed, the upper end ot said condenser being con- 4nected With the `iva-ter jacket to receive the steam therefrom* aslit is generated, a connection from the lowerv part of said Water jacket to said Water tank for receiving Water Allow and ilior inaintainingthe Water 'level in said water jacket.v y

5. In a steam cooling system 'for internal combustion engines, the combination with v the engine Water jacket, of a Water reservoir and a condenser, there being a connection between 'the condenser and reservoir beloiv the normal Water level in said reservoir for the inter-flow of Water betiveensaid condenser and reservoiiga connection for the tl'oiv `of steam from saidl Water jacket' .to 4said condenser above the Water level therein,` a Water return connection from said reservoir to said jacket and an air vent vfor `said reservoir.

6. In a `steam cooling system Ttol' internal cev 1,709,372 n j e 3 combustion engines, the combination with the ervor having an air Vent, 'a .Water return 1Q fenglne Welter ]acket of acondenser and a connection from the reservoir to said Jacket,

Water reservolr, a stealneonnectlon from Jshe said condenser' belng Wlthln sind lreservolr Water jacket to the upper partof Vthe contolbeengaged and cooled bythe Water in the denser, a Connection from the lower part of reservoir.

said condenser to said reservoir at a pontfbe- In witness whereof, I hereunto sbscrbe l5 10W the Water level in the reservoir whereby my name this 20th day of Angus@ 1926.

, steamflow from sueh condenser must pass through the Water in said reservoir, said res- ARTHUR W. POPE, n. 

